Journal of College of Physicians and Surgeons Pakistan (JCPSP), is an open access, peer reviewed monthly biomedical journal of the country published regularly since 1991. College of Physicians and Surgeons Pakistan is the parent body of this Journal.

The College of Physicians and Surgeons of Pakistan (CPSP) is accredited by the Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education (ACCME) to provide credits to educational activities.

CPSP designates '3 AMA PRA Category 1 Credits' for review of the manuscript of an original study.

Latest Articles

Volume 36 | Issue 6 | June 2026

Reframing Alzheimer’s Disease: An Energy Failure Rather Than a Memory Disorder

By Mostafa Ahmed Abdellah Ahmed, Asghar Ali Shaikh
Page # 699-701

Prognostic Value of HALP and PNI Scores in ICU Patients with Decompensated Heart Failure

By Esra Polat, Sukru Ciris, Sedat Sakalli
Page # 702-707

ABSTRACT Objective: To investigate the association between mortality and nutritional status, assessed using the Haemoglobin, Albumin, Lymphocyte, and Platelet (HALP) score and the Prognostic Nutritional Index (PNI), in patients with heart failure (HF). Study Design: A descriptive analytical study. P...

Early Effect of Transradial Coronary Angiography on Radial Artery Diameter

By Maleeha Javed, Muhammad Nasir Rahman, Hassaan Mehmood
Page # 708-712

ABSTRACT Objective: To determine whether there is any change in ipsilateral radial artery (RA) diameter following access for transradial coronary angiography and to assess any gender-related association with post-procedural radial artery stenosis (RAS) within 12 hours of the procedure. Study Design:...

Prognostic Value of Computed Tomography-Measured Optic Nerve Sheath Diameter in Cirrhotic Patients with Hepatic Encephalopathy

By Tugcehan Sezer Akman, Ozkul Yilmaz Colak, Melda Isevi, Asli Akcay, Fatma Ulger, Neslihan Unal Akdemir
Page # 713-718

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the correlation of computed tomography (CT)-measured optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) with clinical and laboratory parameters in adult cirrhotic patients with hepatic encephalopathy (HE), and to determine its association with in-hospital mortality. Study Design: An ...

Association of Subclinical Hypothyroidism with Reproductive, Metabolic, and Molecular Dysfunction in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

By Amna Iram, Saghir Ahmed Jafri, Khalid Abdul Majeed, Muhammad Yasir Zahoor, Muhammad Ikram, Habib Rehman
Page # 719-724

ABSTRACT Objective: To assess the influence of subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) on hormonal balance, metabolic parameters, and the expression patterns of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), androgen receptor (AR), and proopiomelanocortin (POMC) genes in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). St...

Uncovering Genetic Drivers of MASLD in South Asia: A Whole-Exome Sequencing Study in Pakistan

By Asma Shabbir, Ambrina Khatoon, Zaigham Abbas, Talat Mirza
Page # 725-731

ABSTRACT Objective: To identify and characterise genetic variants associated with Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD) through whole-exome sequencing (WES), using the ClinVar database as the primary resource for variant evaluation. Study Design: A case-control study. Plac...

Association Between Selenium, Ferritin, and Haemoglobin Levels and the Development of Preeclampsia

By Bilge Dogan Taymur, Guldeniz Toklucu, Osman Samet Gunkaya, Perihan Ihsanoglu
Page # 732-736

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the association between Selenium (Se) and other micronutrients (iron, ferritin, copper, zinc, and vitamin B12) and the development of preeclampsia (PE), and to assess their predictive performance. Study Design: An observational study. Place and Duration of the Study: ...

Spectrum of Primary Immunodeficiencies and their Management: Barriers in a Resource-Limited Setting

By Muhammad Hussain, Muhammad Omair Riaz, Mustajab Alam, Hamid Nawaz Tipu, Dawood Ahmed, Tariq Azam Khattak
Page # 737-742

ABSTRACT Objective: To characterise the clinical presentation, diagnostic spectrum, and management challenges of primary immunodeficiencies (PIDs) in Pakistan, with an emphasis on barriers to early diagnosis and optimal care in a resource-limited setting. Study Design: A descriptive cross-sectional ...

Neural Correlates of Anxiety in Alzheimer's Disease: An Analysis of the Amplitude of Low-Frequency Fluctuations in Resting-State fMRI

By Bo Zhou, Jing He, Fuquan Wei, Zhenzhong Zhang, Bo Chen, Zhongwei Guo
Page # 743-748

ABSTRACT Objective: To characterise the neural correlates of anxiety in Alzheimer's disease (AD) using the amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (ALFF) derived from resting-state fMRI. Study Design: A cross-sectional study. Place and Duration of the Study: Department of Psychiatry, Tongde Hosp...

Fracture-Level Screws Augment Short-Segment Fixation in Thoracolumbar Burst Fractures

By Li Bao, Baifeng Liu
Page # 749-754

ABSTRACT Objective: To compare radiographic maintenance, disc degeneration, and functional outcomes between short-segment pedicle screw fixation (SPSF) alone and SPSF with fracture-level screws in thoracolumbar burst fractures (TLBFs). Study Design: A retrospective comparative study. Place and Durat...

Prospective Observational Outcomes after Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion

By Gohar Ali, Bahrul Amin Khan, Shehzad Sadbar, Mehmud Ul Hassan Khan, Waseem Sajjad, Aqib Azam
Page # 755-760

ABSTRACT Objective: To assess pain relief, neurological outcome, radiographic fusion, and perioperative complications after anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) at 12 months. Study Design: An observational study. Place and Duration of the Study: Department of Neurosurgery, MTI-Mardan Medic...

Radiomics-Based Machine Learning versus the MAP Score for Predicting Haematocrit Decline after Laparoscopic Partial Nephrectomy

By Yusuf Dogan, Ahmet Alper Ozdes, Mustafa Yildirim, Mehmet Beler, Deniz Kartal, Necip Pirincci
Page # 761-766

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate and compare the ability of the Mayo Adhesive Probability (MAP) score and radiomics-based machine learning approaches to predict the degree of postoperative haematocrit (Hct) reduction using preoperative computed tomography (CT) images in patients with renal cell carci...

Comparative Safety and Short-Term Effectiveness of Monopolar Transurethral Resection Enucleation of the Prostate in Enlarged Prostate

By Ramna Nadeem, Muhammad Hummam Siddique, Noor Ul Ain Zehra, Wajahat Aziz, Hammad Ather
Page # 767-773

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the short-term safety and effectiveness of monopolar transurethral resection of the prostate (M-TURP) versus monopolar transurethral enucleation of the prostate (M-TUEP) in a tertiary-care urology unit. Study Design: A descriptive study. Place and Duration of the Stud...

Use of Simulation to Prepare Medical Students for Psychiatry

By Munir Ahmad Khan, Mehreen Iqbal, Mahak Shaheen, Hina Qayum, Zaheer Ahmad, Ramla Rani
Page # 774-778

ABSTRACT Objective: To provide simulation-based medical education to undergraduate students and to evaluate its efficacy and feasibility in resource-constrained medical colleges. Study Design: An observational study. Place and Duration of the Study: Psychiatry Unit, Mufti Mehmood Memorial Teaching H...

Intrathecal Dexmedetomidine versus Fentanyl for Improving the Quality of Spinal Block in Lower Segment Caesarean Section: A Meta-Analysis

By Anwar Ul Huda, Mohammad Raheel Minhas
Page # 779-788

ABSTRACT Opioids are the most used intrathecal (IT) adjuvants in lower segment caesarean section (LSCS); however, they are associated with side effects for both mothers and neonates. Dexmedetomidine (Dex) is one of the novel drugs and has been used as an IT adjuvant with success. This meta-analysis ...

Effects of Ulinastatin and Tranexamic Acid in Cardiac Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

By Xinyu Zhang, Hongqi Lin, Hongdang Xu, Yuntai Yao
Page # 789-797

ABSTRACT Evidence suggests that both tranexamic acid (TXA) and ulinastatin (ULI) possess anti-inflammatory and blood-conserving properties. This study aimed to determine whether combining TXA and ULI yields additional benefits for patients undergoing cardiac surgery compared with the use of either m...

Quantitative Prediction of Visceral Pleural Invasion in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Using Preoperative Contrast-Enhanced CT

By Junjun Liang, Haotian Zhu, Yunjin Long, Longhuan Lu, Xin Yang, Huanwen Ding
Page # 798-803

ABSTRACT Objective: To investigate the value of combining contrast-enhanced CT radiomic features, CT subjective features, and clinical information for preoperative prediction of visceral pleural invasion (VPI) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Study Design: A descriptive study. Place and Durati...

Efficacy of Intradiscal Gentamicin in Preventing Disc Space Infection after Lumbar Discectomy

By Bilal Khan, Hubab Ali, Syed Mansoor Shah, Mukhtiar Ali Khan, Abdur Raheem, Noor Ullah
Page # 804-807

ABSTRACT Objective: To determine the efficacy of intradiscal gentamicin in preventing postoperative discitis in lumbar spine surgery. Study Design: An observational study. Place and Duration of the Study: Department of Neurosurgery, Lady Reading Hospital Medical Teaching Institution, Peshawar, Pakis...

Preservation of the Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Invaded by Thyroid Cancer

By Hasan Calis, Kamil Ozturk, Nusret Yilmaz, Ramazan Sari, Cumhur Arici
Page # 808-812

ABSTRACT Objective: To assess surgical management strategies for recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) invasion in patients with locally advanced thyroid cancer, with particular emphasis on the use of intraoperative neuromonitoring (IONM) and its influence on nerve preservation. Study Design: An observati...

Dimensions of the Anterior Cruciate Ligament in Young Adults

By Musharraf Jamil, Muhammad Arslan, Atif Ali, Fahad Iqbal, Akbar Abbas, Rizwan Akram
Page # 813-816

ABSTRACT Objective: To measure the dimensions of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) in young adults and assess variations based on the demographic profile of patients. Study Design: A cross-sectional observational study. Place and Duration of the Study: Department of Orthopaedics and Spine Centre...

Gamifying Neurology: Lessons from the NExCARD Experience in Emergency Medicine Training

By Rida Jawed, Shahan Waheed
Page # 817-819

ABSTRACT Neurological emergencies are among the most time-sensitive and high-stakes presentations in the emergency department, yet they often remain underrepresented in traditional training curricula. To address this gap, the Neurological Emergencies Card Game (NExCARD) was developed as a gamified, ...

Outcomes of CTO-PCI in the South Asian Population

By Bella Khan, Ahmed Tamiz, Rizwan Ali Khawaja, Nasir Rahman
Page # 820-822

ABSTRACT This retrospective study evaluated angiographic, procedural, and in-hospital outcomes of chronic total occlusion percutaneous coronary intervention (CTO-PCI) at Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan, from January 2020 to December 2022. Among 55 patients with at least one identifie...

Predictive Role of Triglyceride-to-High-Density Lipoprotein-Cholesterol Ratio and Triglyceride-Glucose Index in Glycaemic Control among Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease

By Ayesha Iftikhar, Adnan Mustafa Zubairi, Fatima Kanani, Nadia Yaqub
Page # 823-825

ABSTRACT This study explores the potential of the triglyceride-to-high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (TG/HDL-C) ratio and the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index as alternative markers of glycaemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and chronic kidney disease (CKD). Conducted on...

A Comprehensive Assessment of Acute Stroke Care: Delays, Treatment Patterns, and Barriers to Timely Intervention

By Saba Zaidi, Moomal Zoya, Mahzareen Ishrat, Sidra Jabeen, Ayesha Abdul Samad
Page # 826-829

ABSTRACT The study aimed to evaluate delays in emergency department (ED) arrival among stroke patients and to identify demographic factors that contribute to these delays. It was a cross-sectional study conducted at the Department of Neurology, Liaquat National Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan, from Janu...

Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Rebound: Rethinking Appendectomy in Coronary Heart Disease

By Siliang Wang, Pengfei Chen, Mao Liu
Page # 830-831

Invasive Fibromatosis Adjacent to the Twelfth Thoracic Vertebra and Involving the Oesophagus

By Qi Qi, Wendong Xie, Mingjia Song
Page # 832-832

Conflicting Roles of Urotensin II in Chronic Kidney Disease: Insights from Clinical and Mechanistic Studies

By Chenjing Wang, Shuyan Pei, Zhong Guo
Page # 833-833

Rising Trend of Cancer in Pakistan: An Urgent Call for Action

By Shafiq Ur Rahman
Page # 834-834

Primary Leiomyosarcoma of the Pancreas with Liver Metastasis: Challenges and Possible Treatment Approaches

By Asif Husain Osmani
Page # 835-836

Cerebral Cysticercosis Manifesting 20 Years after Primary Cutaneous Disease

By Oscar H. Del Brutto
Page # 837-838